Tin plated karfe sheet da Wuxi chrome plated karfe sheet (nan gaba ana kiranta da tinplate idan babu wani bambanci na musamman) sune nau'ikan kwantena na yau da kullun.A cikin 2021, buƙatar tinplate na duniya zai zama kusan tan miliyan 16.41 (ana amfani da raka'a awo a cikin rubutu).Sakamakon raguwa da gasa na sauran kayan, amfani da tinplate a cikin ƙasashe da yankuna da suka ci gaba (kamar Japan, Koriya ta Kudu, Amurka, Kanada, Tarayyar Turai, da dai sauransu) ya ragu sannu a hankali, amma karuwar amfani da shi a cikin kasashe masu tasowa. ya gyara kuma ya wuce wannan raguwa.A halin yanzu, amfani da tinplate a duniya yana haɓaka da kashi 2% a kowace shekara.A cikin 2021, fitar da tinplate a duniya zai kasance kusan tan miliyan 23.Duk da haka, yayin da ake sa ran fadada karfin samar da kayayyaki na kasar Sin zai zarce karuwar bukatar cikin gida, jama'a na fargabar cewa gibin da ke tsakanin wadata da bukata zai kara fadada.A halin yanzu, buƙatun Japan na shekara-shekara na tinplate shine kusan tan 900000, kusan rabin kololuwar a 1991.
Ƙarƙashin bayanan da ke sama, yana da matuƙar mahimmanci ga masana'antun tinplate na Jafananci su kula da ƙimar samfuransu akan sauran kayan kwantena (kamar polyethylene terephthalate da aluminum) a cikin kasuwar gida.Don wannan, dole ne su inganta aikin tankunan ƙarfe da kuma rage farashi ta hanyar haɗin kai tsaye ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa tare da masu kera tanki.A kasuwannin ketare, yana da muhimmanci a gare su su yi amfani da fasahohin zamani da aka tara da kuma tallata su a kasuwannin cikin gida don bambance kayayyakinsu da na masu fafatawa, da kuma inganta karfinsu ta hanyar hadin gwiwa a tsaye da masu kera gwangwani.
Bugu da kari, ana iya amfani da karfen karfen nickel don yin harsashi na baturi.A cikin wannan filin, yana da mahimmanci ga masana'antun su amsa daidai ga bukatun mai amfani.Masu kera tinplate na Japan tabbas na iya biyan buƙatun da ke sama ta hanyar yin cikakken amfani da tarin fasaharsu a cikin filin tinplate tsawon shekaru.
Wannan takarda tana duba halayen kasuwa na kayan kwantena a gida da waje a Japan, kuma ta fayyace buƙatun fasaha waɗanda kamfanoni ke buƙatar cikawa.
Amfani da gwangwani abinci na tinplate a Japan yana da iyaka
A yawancin kasashen ketare, ana amfani da tinplate gabaɗaya don yin gwangwani na abinci, gwangwani na madara da kwalabe na kwalabe.A Japan, amfani da tinplate a cikin gwangwani abinci yana da iyaka, kuma ana amfani da shi ne don yin gwangwani na abin sha.Sakamakon karuwar amfani da gwangwani na aluminum, musamman bayan da kasar Japan ta dage haramcin kanana kan kananan kwalabe na polyethylene terephthalate (500ml ko kasa da haka) a shekarar 1996, an fi amfani da faranti a wannan kasar wajen yin gwangwani na shan kofi.Duk da haka, saboda dalilai na tsaro, yawancin gwangwani na kofi a Japan har yanzu ana yin su ne da tinplate, saboda yawancin nau'o'in kofi na kofi a Japan suna dauke da madara.
Dangane da gwangwani na aluminum da kwalabe na polyethylene terephthalate, gasarsu ta kasuwa a fannin gwangwani na kofi na ƙara yin zafi.Sabanin haka, babbar fa'idar tankunan ƙarfe shine aminci: bincikar sauti (hanyar duba ɓarnawar abubuwan da ke ciki ta hanyar bugun ƙasan tanki da canjin matsi na ciki ta hanyar sauti) yana aiki ne kawai ga tankunan ƙarfe, ba tankunan aluminum ba.Ƙarfin tankunan ƙarfe na iya kula da matsa lamba na ciki fiye da iska.Duk da haka, idan masana'antun karafa suka ci gaba da dogara ga wannan babbar fa'ida, za a maye gurbin gwangwani na karfe.Sabili da haka, ya zama dole ga masana'antun ƙarfe don haɓaka sabon nau'in gwangwani na ƙarfe tare da fa'idodi da yawa fiye da gwangwani na aluminum, wanda ke da halaye na jawo hankalin masu amfani kuma zai iya dawo da kasuwar da kwalabe na terephthalate na polyethylene da gwangwani na aluminum suka mamaye.
Haɓaka gwangwani na abin sha da kayan su
Takaitaccen bitar tarihin gwangwanin abin sha da kayansu.A 1961, nasarar ci gaban TFS (chromium plated karfe takardar) tare da karfe chromium fim da hydrated chromium oxide fim ya zama mafi m taron a fagen abin sha iya masana'antu kayan a Japan.Kafin haka, kodayake tinplate shine tushen masana'antar gwangwani na Japan da fasahar kayan kwantena, duk fasahohin da suka dace sun ƙware daga ƙasashen yamma.A matsayin mafi mahimmancin kayan kwantena, TFS ta samo asali ne daga Japan, kuma ana fitar da samfuransa da tsarin masana'anta zuwa ƙasashen yamma.Ci gaban TFS ya yi la'akari da raguwar albarkatun tin na duniya, wanda ya sa TFS ya shahara a lokacin.Gwangwani da aka haɗa da resin don marufi mai sanyi da aka haɓaka tare da kayan TFS sun rage siyar da gwangwani DI tare da takardar alloy na aluminium da aka zana daga Amurka da Japan ta shigo da su a wancan lokacin.Gwangwani na ƙarfe daga baya sun mamaye kasuwar abin sha na Japan.Tun daga wannan lokacin, "Hanyar Super WIMA" wanda Soudronic AG na Switzerland ya ƙera ya sa masana'antun Jafananci ke yin gasa don haɓaka kayan aikin walda.
Haɓakawa na TFS ya tabbatar da cewa ƙirƙira fasaha yana buƙatar goyan bayan buƙatun kasuwa mai ƙarfi da ƙwarewar fasaha.A halin yanzu, babu wata babbar barazana ga masana'antun tinplate na Japan fiye da raguwar albarkatun tin."Tsaro da aminci" dole ne ya zama abin damuwa na dogon lokaci.Dangane da kwantena abinci da abin sha, ƙasashe suna da hanyoyin magani daban-daban don bisphenol A (BPA, mai lalata muhallin muhalli), yayin da wasu ƙasashe ba sa kula da shi kwata-kwata.Ya zuwa yanzu, matakan Japan kan “aminci da aminci” ba su isa ba.Alhakin masana'antar tanki da masana'antar karafa shine samar da kyawawan yanayi, albarkatu da kwantena na ceton makamashi da kayan kwantena.
Ana iya gani daga tarihin ci gaban tinplate cewa akwai dangantaka ta kusa tsakanin haɓaka sabbin gwangwani da sabbin kayan gwangwani.Dangane da fasahar fasaha, ma'aikatan gwangwani na Japan sun kai matakin da ya dace a duniya, wanda ya isa ya tallafa wa masana'antar sarrafa karafa ta Japan don ci gaba da haɓaka sabbin kayayyaki da matakai, da haɓaka su a duniya ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa tare da sauran ƙasashe.
Halayen kasuwar kayan gwangwani na duniya
Kasuwancin kayan gwangwani na duniya yana da halaye masu zuwa: na farko, buƙatar gwangwani na karfe yana girma;na biyu, gwangwani abinci ya mamaye babban kason kasuwa;na uku, samar da kayan kwantena yana da yawa (musamman a kasar Sin);na hudu, masu sana’ar dandali a duniya suna gogayya da juna ta fuskar farashi da inganci.
Haɓaka saurin haɓaka ƙarfin samar da kayan gwangwani na duniya ya fi girma a cikin Sin.Bayanan da suka dace sun nuna cewa daga shekarar 2017 zuwa 2021, karfin da kasar Sin ke da shi wajen kera tankokin ya karu da kusan tan miliyan 4.Duk da haka, kusan kashi 90% na matsakaici da ƙananan tinplates an yi su ne da zanen ƙarfe na sanyi-birgima.Bisa ga ma'anar a cikin JIS (Japan Standard Standard) da sauran ka'idoji na duniya da aka sani, kasashe masu tasowa suna yin tinplate zuwa karfe MR, D ko L (bisa ga JIS G 3303) ta hanyar sarrafa daidaitattun kayan aikin karfe, sannan daidaita abubuwan da ba na ƙarfe ba. inclusions bisa ga karshen amfani, da kuma tsananin sarrafa tsari a lokacin zafi mirgina, sanyi mirgina, annealing da tempering mirgina, don samun da ake bukata yi na tinplate substrate.A kowane hali, ƙananan tinplate yana mamaye wani yanki na kasuwa.
Menene ya kamata masana'antun suyi a nan gaba?
Japan ta fasaha matakin a fagen canning da ganga karfe sheet masana'antu an gane a matsayin duniya-aji.Duk da haka, fasahar da aka tabbatar da tasiri a Japan ba za a iya yadawa cikin sauƙi zuwa wasu ƙasashe ba, wanda shine yanayin kasuwa.Lokacin da duniya ta zama kalmar da aka fi amfani da ita a Japan, kodayake masana'antar kera ƙarfe ta Japan ta aiwatar da tsarin tsarin masana'antu na duniya (dangane da cibiyar fasahar Japan, ana gina tsire-tsire na tin a ƙasashen waje), bayan an raba fasahar TFS tare da abokan haɗin gwiwa na ketare shekaru 50. da suka wuce, an dakatar da fadada haɗin gwiwar fasaha na kan iyaka na dogon lokaci.Domin nuna matsayinsa a kasuwa, dole ne masana'antar karafa ta kasar Japan ta mayar da fasahohin da suke bunkasa da bunkasa a kasar Sin a duniya baki daya.
Za a iya koyo daga ci gaban fasahar Japan a wannan fanni cewa gagarumin ci gaban fasaha ya taso ne daga dangantakar kut da kut tsakanin masana'antun karafa da masu gwangwani.Lokacin da aka siyar da samfuran tinplate ga masu amfani da ƙasashen waje, irin waɗannan masu amfani sun fi mayar da hankali kan kera samfur ne kawai, maimakon samar da tinplate mai tsayayye.A nan gaba, ga masana'antun tinplate na Japan, yana da mahimmanci don haskaka fa'idodin samfuran su ta hanyar haɗa ƙarfin garanti na fakiti da gwangwani a tsaye.
——Rage farashin gwangwani.
Dole ne masu gwangwani su fi damuwa da farashin masana'anta, wanda shine tushen gasa.Duk da haka, ƙimar farashi ya kamata ba kawai dogara ga farashin karfe ba, har ma a kan yawan aiki, tsarin canning da farashi.
Canza batch annealing zuwa ci gaba da annealing hanya ce ta rage farashi.Nippon Iron ya haɓaka farantin gwangwani mai ci gaba da zazzagewa wanda zai iya maye gurbin nau'in kararrawa da aka toshe farantin, kuma ya ba da shawarar wannan sabon kayan ga masu kera gwangwani.Kafin jigilar kaya daga masana'anta, ƙimar ƙi na ci gaba da ɓarke karfe zanen gado yana da ƙasa, kuma ingancin samfurin kowane ƙarfe na ƙarfe ya tsaya tsayin daka, ta yadda abokan ciniki za su iya samun ingantaccen sarrafawa, rage gazawar samarwa, da cimma yanayin nasara.A halin yanzu, odar samar da tinplate mai ci gaba da sanyawa ya mamaye mafi yawan umarni na ƙarfe na Japan.
Ɗauki gwangwanin abinci guda uku a matsayin misali.A da, da zarar sanyi birgima (SR) kayayyakin da kauri na 0.20mm ~ 0.25mm aka yadu amfani.Iron Nippon yana ba da shawarar a maye gurbinsa da samfurin sanyi na biyu mai ƙarfi (DR) mai kauri na 0.20 mm ko ƙasa da haka.Tare da wannan hanya, an rage yawan amfani da kayan aiki saboda bambancin kauri, kuma an rage farashin daidai.Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, da sinadaran abun da ke ciki na tinned karfe takardar ne tsananin sarrafawa, kuma kauri yana kusa da ƙananan iyaka na masana'antu sanyi birgima karfe, don haka na biyu sanyi mirgina iya yadda ya kamata rage samfurin kauri.
Yayin da ake amfani da hanyar jujjuyawar sanyi na biyu, kauri daga cikin ƙarfe na tushe yana sake raguwa a kan niƙa mai fushi bayan annashuwa, don haka lokacin da aka rage elongation, ƙarfin kayan yana ƙaruwa.A lokacin iya yin tsari, wannan sau da yawa yakan haifar da flange fatattaka kusa da welded hadin gwiwa, ko ripples a lokacin kafa na iya murfin ko biyu iya.Dangane da gogewar da ta gabata, Kamfanin ƙarfe na Jafananci ya warware matsalolin da ke sama ta hanyar amfani da ƙaramin juzu'in sanyi na biyu, kuma ya ba kowane mai amfani da kayan da ya fi dacewa don nau'ikan gwangwani daban-daban da hanyoyin kera, don rage farashin gwangwani.
Ƙarfin abinci zai iya dogara da yawa akan siffarsa da ƙarfin kayansa.Don gabatar da ƙwararrun kayan aiki kuma masu dacewa za su iya ƙira, Nippon Iron ya ƙirƙiri "masana'anta na iya aiki" - tsarin kwaikwayo wanda zai iya kimanta ƙarfin gwangwani abinci bisa ga canje-canje na kayan kuma zai iya siffofi.
——Mayar da hankali kan “aminci da aminci”.
Tunda ana amfani da farantin karfe don yin kwantena na abinci da abin sha, masana'antun karafa suna da alhakin samar da aminci da aminci ga masu amfani a gida da waje.Farantin karfe ba tare da bisphenol A irin wannan abu bane.Japan Iron & Karfe Co., Ltd. koyaushe yana mai da hankali kan ka'idojin kare muhalli na duniya, kuma yana ƙudiri aniyar ci gaba da zama manyan masana'antun duniya masu aminci da amincin kayan kwantena ta haɓaka da samar da zanen ƙarfe na kwantena mai dacewa da muhalli.
Halayen kasuwa da buƙatun buƙatun takardar ƙarfe na nickel plated
Ko baya, yanzu ko nan gaba, tankin karfe shine mafi kyawun nau'in akwati.Yana da matuƙar mahimmanci ga masana'antun su yi haɗin gwiwa tare da masu amfani, tare da neman makamashi da fa'idodin tattalin arziƙin albarkatu, da haɓakawa da samar da kayan da suka dace da muhalli.Akwai masana'antun karfen kwantena da yawa a duk faɗin duniya waɗanda ke ɗokin faɗaɗa ƙarfin aikin su (musamman a ƙasashe masu tasowa).
Nickel plated karfe sheet wani nau'in kayan kwantena ne da aka samar a Japan.Batura na firamare (kamar alkaline busassun batura) da batura na biyu (kamar batirin lithium, batir hydride na nickel karfe da batir nickel cadmium) an yi su da karfen nickel plated.Matsakaicin sikelin kasuwancin duniya na nickel plated karfe zanen gado shine kusan ton 250000 / shekara, wanda faranti da aka riga aka yi da su ke lissafin kusan rabin.Farantin da aka rigaya yana da sutura iri ɗaya kuma ana amfani dashi sosai a Japan da ƙasashen yamma don yin batura na farko da manyan batura na biyu.
Ma'auni na kasuwa na nickel plated karfe takardar ya fi na tin plated karfen takarda, kuma adadin masu samar da kayayyaki yana da iyaka.Manyan masu samar da kayayyaki a duniya sune Tata India (wanda ke lissafin kusan kashi 40% na kasuwar kasuwa), Toyo Steel Co., Ltd. na Japan (kimanin 30%) da Iron Japan (kimanin 10%).
Akwai nau'ikan nickel precoated sheet iri biyu: nickel plated sheet da zafi yaduwa takardar tare da nickel shafi tarwatsa zuwa karfe substrate bayan dumama.Kamar yadda ba a buƙatar ƙarin magani sai dai nickel plating da diffusion dumama, yana da wahala ga masana'antun su bambanta samfuran su da na sauran masu fafatawa.Kamar yadda aka daidaita girman batura na waje, masana'antun batir suna gogayya da juna akan aikin batir (dangane da ƙarfin ciki), wanda ke nufin cewa kasuwa yana buƙatar faranti na ƙarfe.Don haɓaka rabon kasuwa da haɓaka haɓaka masana'antar batir, yin ƙarfe na Japan dole ne ya dace da bukatun masana'antun batir kuma ya yi amfani da fa'idarsa mai ƙarfi wajen haɗa hanyoyin kera a tsaye.
Bukatar farantin karfe na nickel a cikin kasuwar baturi banda masana'antar kera motoci na karuwa akai-akai.Masana'antar yin ƙarfe na Japan na fuskantar kyakkyawar dama don jagorantar kasuwa ta hanyar amsa daidai da bukatun masu kera batir.A cikin ƴan shekarun da suka gabata, fasahar rage kauri da ƙarfen ƙarfe na Japan ya tara a fagen kera tinplate zai dace da kasuwar buƙatun nickel plated na batura.Harsashin fakitin baturi na mota an yi shi ne da aluminum ko aluminum foil laminate da kuma fim ɗin filastik.
Ga masana'antun ƙarfe, yana da matukar mahimmanci don ɗaukar matakan inganci don bincike da haɓaka aikace-aikacen ƙarfe.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-01-2022